DI SEBALIK KEKAYAAN INDUSTRI GETAH MALAYSIA: MENGANALISIS RANJAU PENGUSAHA KECIL DARI SISI KITARAN BIOJISIM

Authors

  • Nur Haffizah Azhar Pusat Pengajian Teknologi Industri, Universiti Sains Malaysia
  • Arniza Ghazali Pusat Pengajian Teknologi Industri, Universiti Sains Malaysia
  • Marcin Zbeic Institute of Wood Sciences and Furniture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS)
  • Mohd Nor Zamri Mat Amin Malaysian Timber Industrial Board (MTIB)

Keywords:

Biojisim, Simbiosis industri, Model Perniagaan, Getah, Bioekonomi kitaran

Abstract

Analisis ekonomi kitaran bagi industri getah mendapati jurang nilai eksport segmen penanaman (≈RM4 bilion) dan segmen pembuatan produk berasaskan getah dan kayu getah (≈RM80 bilion). Disebabkan junaman harga getah asli, hasil eksport yang dibahagikan antara 450 000 penoreh ini hanya menterjemahkan kehidupan di bawah paras kemiskinan. Justeru itu kajian ini memperhalusi cabaran-cabaran yang mendepani pengusaha kecil getah yang dapat dipadankan dengan solusi berkisar ekonomi kitaran atau pengurusan secara kecekapan sumber. Analisis mendapati pekebun kecil dibebani kos operasi yang tinggi dan hal ini merupakan penghalang utama produktiviti. Demi meningkatkan pendapatan, akses kepada klon yang produktif wajar disegerakan. Penambahbaikan dasar percukaian ke atas getah import perlu timbang tara pihak berwajib dan peralihan kepada penggunaan mesin torehan dan mesin mudah alih dalam pemprosesan getah merupakan pendekatan yang perlu disegerakan. Memperkenalkan pengurusan sumber produktif dan pertanian getah moden berpulangan tinggi melalui program TVET yang mensasarkan golongan belia dari keluarga pengusaha kecil getah dapat menarik generasi muda kepada segmen huluan. Pembelajaran berterusan adalah wajib untuk memungkinkan inovasi, merealisasikan ekonomi kitaran dan menambahbaik pendapatan pengusaha kecil ke arah mengekalkan industri getah Malaysia. Tindakan segera dan pendekatan bersifat transformatif perlu diambil bagi kelangsungan industri getah negara.

 

Abstract
A cyclical economic analysis for the rubber industry found a gap in the export value of the planting segment (≈RM4 billion) and the manufacturing segment of rubber and rubber-based products (≈RM80 billion). Due to the increase in the price of natural rubber, the export revenue divided between these 450 000 tappers only translates to living below the poverty level. Therefore, this study refines the challenges faced by small rubber entrepreneurs that can be matched with solutions around the cyclical economy or resource efficiency management. The analysis found that smallholders are burdened with high operating costs and this is the main barrier to productivity. In order to increase income, access to productive clones should be expedited. The improvement of the taxation policy on imported rubber needs arbitration by the authorities and the transition to the use of tapping machines and mobile machines in rubber processing is an approach that needs to be expedited. Introducing productive resource management and high-return modern rubber farming through TVET programs targeting youth from small rubber business families can attract the younger generation to the upstream segment. Continuous learning is mandatory to enable innovation, realize the circular economy and improve the income of small entrepreneurs towards sustaining the Malaysian rubber industry. Immediate action and a transformative approach must be taken for the survival of the country's rubber industry.
Keywords: Biomass; Industrial symbiosis; Business Model; Rubber; A cyclical bioeconomy

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Published

09-09-2024

How to Cite

Nur Haffizah Azhar, Ghazali, A., Marcin Zbeic, & Mat Amin, M. N. Z. (2024). DI SEBALIK KEKAYAAN INDUSTRI GETAH MALAYSIA: MENGANALISIS RANJAU PENGUSAHA KECIL DARI SISI KITARAN BIOJISIM. Jurnal Pengguna Malaysia, 38(2), 54–74. Retrieved from https://jpmjurnal.com/jpm/article/view/62

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